Spark-plug.



Patented June 5, 1917.

' NI/Euro)? WZ'lLiaq JO Far-man SPARK PLUG.

APPLICATION mip JUNE 14. l9l6.

W. J. OGORMAN.

w to n ...respectively at one end in the points 6, 7 to I constitute the ignition spark gap of the plug. At their other end said wires or rods 'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM J. OGORMAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SPARK-FLU G.

Application filed June 14.1916.

To all. whom it may GOHGUNZ-J Beit known that I, WiLLL-uu. J. OGonman, a. citizen of the' United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spark-Plugs, of which the following is a Specification.

My invention relates to the construction of spark plugs for internal combustion engines.

Among other things the object of my invention is to increase the strength of the V ,sparl; at ignition points of the plug, to pro- '15 V which shall come: automatically into action vide a ,plug with a reserve ignition gap in case the plug fails to function properly T at the main spark gap, to provide a supplethe ignition-gap and to obtain other advantages whioh ,will.be apparent to those skilled in the art from the subjomed description.

Tothese ends myinvention consists in the features ofjconstruction and combinations of arts hereinafter described and claimed. 11 the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a vertical central section through one form I as 'tions numbered 3, 4 respectively.

of plug embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of said plug. Fig. 3 is an elevation taken at right angles to Flg. 2.

Fig. 4c is an elevation of the core or insulation removed from the metal shell.-

Fig. 5 is a view of a detail of the construction.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, 1 indicates the insulating body of porcelain or other. suitable insulating material forming-the body of the spark plug and carrying in the present instance two wires or connec- 2 indicates the metal body or shell of the plug furnished with the usual screw thread at 5' for attachment of the plug to the engine. The insulated wires or rods 4, 3 terminate 4,-3- terminate respectiwely in points 8, 9 wines, in eenpinction respective A W111 Ullll,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 5, 1917.

Serial No. 103,651.

points 10, ll, constitute artificial spark gaps located in the circuit of the ignition gap at opposite sides thereof respectively. The points forming the artificial gaps are preferably seated or supported in the porelain or other insulating body itself and in chambers therein furnished with Openings through which the sparks of said ignition gaps may be seen. Said openings may be formed in the sides or top of'the plu or in both as desired and may be closed eit ier by wire gauze as indicated at one side in Fig. 2 or by translucent material which, if desired, is made as a lens so as to magnify the size of the spark as observed.

The wire gauze is preferably Set in a frame 35 which may be forced into the opening or \\-'il'lul1'a\\'n therefrom for cleaning so that the spark may be at all times readily seen through the gauze and in the case of the glass or lens said lens may be set permanently in the porcelain.

The points 10, 11 are preferably formed at the terminals of adjustable screws 12, 13 whereby the size of the artificial gap may be regulated and suitable clamping nuts or binding devices are provided on said screws, as indicated, for attachment of the leading wire 15 and for a return wire or connection 1.6, the latter in the present instance being used as a ground wire grounded through the metal of the engine by attachment of it to a binding post or screw 17 which is mounted on the metal body or shell of the plug. In addition to the ignition points or gaps described, I provide reserve points formed by a wire or terminal 18 permanently attached to the metal body and adapted to cooperate with a point 19 to form an ignition ap in case of failure of the main or principa ignition points 6 and 7 to function properly.

I further provide an emergency gap capable of operating as an ignition gap in case of failure of the plug to function at either of the gaps previously referred to, said emergency gap being formed between the wire or rod 3 and a wire or rod attached to the metal. shell or body of the plug, such emergency ignition gap being shown as formed by the points 22, 23 the first of which is a terminal of the wire o w. .1 and the other a terminal of the rod or wire connect'ed to the metal body and carrying the point 18 already referred to.

in JD p Hg whereby the ignition circuit is completed through the metal shell of the plug and thence by the metal of the engine.

When operating in the norm' manner the circuit of the normal ignition gap has two artificial gaps in the circuit thereof whereby the strengthof the ignition spark is greatly increased. By observation of the artificial gap at points 8, 10 itcan be ascertained whether the main ignition gap is functioning in the normal manner. Should no spark appear thereat and aspark .s till appear at the gap 9, 11, it will be made apparent that the main ignition is not working but that an ignition spark 1s being produced at the reserve gap already referred to and directly to the metal shell or other return. In case a spark should not show at either art-ificialigap the plu may be used in the ordinary way by isconnecting wire 16 and by attaching the lead 15' to the binding post or nut at pomt 10.

The plug would then operate after the manner of the usual single ignition gap plug, the circuit being across the artificial spark gap 10,- 8, and across the ignition gap 22, 23 and to ground. The artificial gap at 10, 8 would then be efiicacious in increas ing the strength of the spark and would also serve to assistin determining whetherthe plug is functioning properly at its ignition gap.

What claim as my invention is:-

1. A spark plug having two artificial breaks .or gaps located in the circuit of the.

ignition gap and respectively at opposite 'sldes thereof. -2. A spark plug having an artificlal'gap located in the round or return side from the ignition points as and described.

'3. A spark plug having two artificial gaps located in the circuit of the ign1tlon gap to either side of the latter and in chambers having openings through which the spark of the artificial gaps may be observed.

4; A spark plug'the integral insulating body on core of which has two conducting wires 'or rods extending longitudinally therethrough and terminating at one end in pointsfor the ignition gap and at their opposite ends in points for artificial gaps for the purpose wires insulated in the core of, the plug and terminating. in the head of thecore in points of two artificial spark gaps pro- 3 vidcd respectively with means for-attachment of leading and return wires of the ignition circuit.

7. A spark plug having the points of its ignition gap connected respectively with leading and return wires insulated in the spark plug core and provided with arreserve ignition point located in proximity to a point connected to the leading Wire and itself connected to the ound or return.

8. A spark plug having its main ignition gap formed by two points whose connections are insulated in the core of the plug and with a reserve point connected to the metal shell and adapted to function in connection with a. pointforming the terminal.

of the insulated leading wire or connection. 9. A spark plug having its main ignition gap .formed by two points connected tospectivelyto leading and return wires'in-' saluted in the core of'the lug and with a reserve point adapted to ction 1n con-..

nection with a point forming a terminal of the return wire and itself connected with the metal shell of the plug.

10. A spark plug "having a. pair of artificial gaps in a circuit of the ignition gap and-located in the head ofthe plug, means for connecting the leading and returnwires of they ignition circuit to the outside points of said artificial gaps and means for detachably connecting one of said gaps with the metal shell of the plug.

11. A spark plug havingits main ig'nition gap consisting of points 'formingterminals respectively of wires insulated in the body of the plug, means for connecting said points respectively with tholead'mg wire of the ignition c rcuitand with the metal shell of the a nd a; reserve iqgition point connects w said ihellas l d ,for the purpose deseri ed. 121A spark plug havin .an ignition gap formed at the terminals 0 wires or connections insulated in the body of the plug, two artificial gaps located in the head of the plug and arranged respectively at oppositesidcs of the main ition gap; means for connecting the outsl e point of one olf said artificial gaps with the leading wire of the ignition circuit, means for connecting or disconnecting at will, the outside p'oint of the other artificial'gap with the metal shell of the-plug and areserve ignition point connected tion gap orme with the shell directly on" the same side of the. main ignition gap as the latter artificial gap.

13. A s ark ug having its main igniat terminals of two wires insulated in thebody of the plug, two artificiul visible spark gaps in the head of the plu located respectively at opposite sides of t 0 main or ignition gap, binding posts 'for each of said artificial gapsQ-a binding postson the shell of the plug 15 and anreserve ignition point connected with the shell and adapted to '-function with a spark plu intconnected to one of said insulated spark Slug having its main i iorm tion gap at tei minalsof two wires 13th day of Witnesses:

insnlated in the bodyof the plug, two artificial visible spark gaps 'in the .head of the plug located respectively at opposite sides of the main or ignition ap bindi posts for each of said artificifi ng gap bmd'in post on he shell of the plug a reserve ig'niti'0n point connected with the shell and ndnpted to, function with a shah-k plug POlllt, connected'to one of said insulated 

